https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/PAYEMS
https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CIVPART
https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/empsit.pdf
First one shows total employment (I assume through payrolls)..looks like we are about 8 million short of the top. Of course, this is for people getting paid openly, and not under the table.
Second is labor participation rate...about 1.6% from the top. Not sure how many people that equates too..but if you take 260 million labor force...that would be about 3.8 million.
Third is unemployment rate..about 2% higher..would account for about 3 million people.
those not participating would not be getting any unemployment, while those that are unemployed would be.
There is still a gap of about 2 million people.
There is likely a mix or reasons for the shortage